I. Definisi Culture
Culture does not refer solely to the arts and refined intellectual taste. It consists of all objects and ideas within a sociey.
culture:that complex whole which includes, knowledge, belief, arts, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society” - Edward B
Aspect of culture:
•Slang
words
•Food
•Sports
•Music
genres
•Dances
II. Culture is Learned
"Enculturation refers to the process of
learning a culture consisting in socially distributed and shared knowledge
manifested in those perceptions, understandings, feelings, intentions, and
orientations that inform and shape the imagination and pragmatics of social
life" (Peter-Poole,
2002).
Medias of enculturation:
•Family
•Community
•School
Function of enculturation:
•Teach us the cultural
value
•Identitas sosial
Every human mind inherits a complement of
species-specific “elementary ideas” (Elementargedanken), and hence the
minds of all people, regardless of their race or culture, operate in the same
way. – Adolf Bastian
III. Culture is Shared
- from parents to their child
- from society to an individual
- to an individual to another
IV. Culture is Symbolic
a symbol is something verbal or nonverbal within a
particular language or culture that comes to stand for something else.
a symbol is
anything that is used to represent any other thing
Non Verbal |
verbal |
V. Culture and Nature
Natural condition has effects on culture.
Humans
interact with cultural constructions of nature, rather than directly with
nature itself
VI. Culture is adaptive and maladaptive
•Culture
is an adaptive strategy employed
•Because
cultural behavior is motivated by cultural factors. Cultural behavior can be
maladaptive.
•For
determining a cultural practice is adaptive or maladaptive we can viewing the
results from the several perspective.
In indonesia so many people are muslims and the muslim culture they must cover they body that’s why they wear long clothes or hijab. Different from
other countries they not pay attention to covered they body.
VII. Ethnocentrism and cultural relativism
Ethnocentrism is the use of values,
ideals, and mores from one’s own culture to judge the behavior of someone from
another culture.
What “we” believe is religion; what “they” believe is supersition and mythology.
Example: carok culture is an attempt to kill each other is done by men
with sharp weapons
Cultural Relativism asserts that cultural values are
arbitrary, and therefore the values of one culture should not be used as
standards to evaluate the behavior of persons from outside that culture.
For example, views of sex before married.
VIII. Diffusion
defined
as a deployment process that includes elements of cultural ideas, beliefs, and
so on from individual to another individual, from one group to another group,
of a community or society to another
Example
For example, the culture of western society (European Countries) enter and influence the culture of the eastern (Asian and African nations).
of cultural dissemination to other communities in peace. influx of Hindu culture, Buddhist, and Islam to Indonesia
The spread of culture through violence and coercion. For example, colonization and the imposition of the will.
For example, the culture of western society (European Countries) enter and influence the culture of the eastern (Asian and African nations).
of cultural dissemination to other communities in peace. influx of Hindu culture, Buddhist, and Islam to Indonesia
The spread of culture through violence and coercion. For example, colonization and the imposition of the will.
Sumber:
12 -03 - 2014 disaring dari: http://iguh-meister.blogspot.com/2012/01/enkulturasi.html\
12 -03 - 2014 disaring dari: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Bastian
12 -03 - 2014 http://www.anthrobase.com/Dic/eng/def/psychic_unity.htm
Slide Binusmaya. (2013). Human Diversities 1: Language, Communication, Culture, and Ethnicity. Jakarta : Bina Nusantara University
No comments:
Post a Comment